Objectives
To map and synthesize the available evidence on screening strategies for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in non-pregnant, asymptomatic people in the most vulnerable populations.
Methods
This is a quick scoping review, based on the guidelines of the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). It includes studies published between January 2022 and March 2025, identified in the PubMed, Embase, and Virtual Health Library databases, and technical documents retrieved through a manual search. The selection followed previously defined eligibility criteria and the synthesis was descriptive and narrative.
Results
Fifteen studies were included, among them clinical guidelines, observational studies, and systematic reviews, with a predominance of publications from the United States and Australia. The evidence indicates that regular screening for chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis, hepatitis B and C, and the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is recommended in populations vulnerable to STIs, such as men who have sex with men, sex workers, people taking HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), people deprived of their liberty, and people living with HIV/AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome). The frequency varies according to the risk profile and anatomical site. Strategies such as opt-out screening and the use of rapid tests at points of care were highlighted, although gaps remain in their large-scale implementation.
Conclusion
Screening for STIs in asymptomatic and non-pregnant populations is a relevant public health strategy, especially in the most vulnerable population groups. The findings support the discussions needed to update national guidelines and formulate evidence-informed policies, underlining the need for integrated strategies to increase access to early diagnosis and overcome health inequalities.