Objective.

To investigate the magnitude and distribution of the main causes of death, disability, and risk factors
in Haiti.

Methods.

We conducted an ecological analysis, using data estimated from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 for the period 1990-2017, to present life expectancy (LE), healthy life expectancy (HALE) at under 1-year-old, cause-specific deaths, years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), disability adjusted life-years (DALYs), and risk factors associated with DALYs.

Objective.

To identify how countries have positioned themselves to fight against all forms of malnutrition.

Methods.

Qualitative, exploratory, and descriptive study of the statements of 91 out of the 127 (71.7%) countries that issued declarations in the Second International Conference on Nutrition.

Objective.

To estimate the trend in infant mortality, inequality between jurisdictions, and inequality associated with social conditions in Argentina between 1980 and 2017.

Methods.

An ecological and time-series study of infant mortality and inequality. Official data on infant mortality, births, and unmet basic needs were obtained; the infant mortality rate, the Gini index, and the concentration index were calculated. The trend was also analyzed with a linear regression model and the regression coefficient and its statistical significance were calculated.

Objectives.

To identify and analyze various types of leadership and management that could contribute to the strengthening of health systems based on primary health care (PHC).

Methods.

A structured review of the literature on management and leadership applicable to PHC-based health systems was conducted. Of the 19 articles identified, relevant details were extracted using a standardized methodology.

Objectives.

To investigate socioeconomic and ethnic group inequalities in prevalence of antibodies against
SARS-CoV-2 in the 27 federative units of Brazil.

Objectives.

To analyze progress in organizational structures, mechanisms, strategies, and enabling factors and barriers towards gender mainstreaming (GM) in health in Guatemala, Guyana, and Peru, given GM’s role in addressing gender inequalities in health as a key structural driver of health equity.

Objective.

In 2010, the principle of proportionate universalism (PU) has been proposed as a solution to reduce health inequalities. It had a great resonance but does not seem to have been widely applied and no guidelines exist on how to implement it. The two specific objectives of this scoping review were: (1) to describe the theoretical context in which PU was established, (2) to describe how researchers apply PU and related methodological issues.

Achieving health equity and addressing the social determinants of health are critical to attaining the health and health-related targets of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and its Sustainable Development Goals. Frameworks for health, including the Sustainable Health Agenda for the Americas 2018 – 2030, emphasize reduction of health inequities and “leaving no one behind” in national sustainable development.

Objective.

To map the implementation characteristics of Medicine programs established in Brazilian federal
universities from 2013 onwards.

Methods.

A qualitative and quantitative exploratory study was performed. Newly created Medicine programs were identified in federal universities, with analysis of pedagogical frameworks and interviews with students, faculty, and health care professionals from associated health care services. Data were analyzed using qualitative and quantitative methods.